1) The Sulphate Method
· Manufacture of hcl:
Hydrochloric acid is manufactured by following methods
(1) From various chlorination reaction: C6H6+ Cl₂→ C6H5CI+ HCI
(2) From salt and sulphuric acid: 2 NaCl + H₂SO→
2 H2O+ Na₂SO4
(3) From synthesis process:
H₂+Cl2 → 2 HCl
Process description
Both reactions involve the displacement of volatile acid from salt. The equilibrium can be displaced in desired
direction by choice of condition i.e. promoting volatilization of HCL The high temperature process is superior to vacuum for this purpose. To promote reaction rate, it is desirable to
have temperature sufficiently high to keep at least one of the reacting component in liquid condition
There is no difficulty in first stage of decomposition but second stage required temperature of about 400°C to liquely NaHSO, The higher limit to temperature is the attack of corrosive relative mass on fumace. The sludge ie. Na₂SO4, is collected from bottom of the furnace
The product and unconverted H₂SO, is send to further processing in which there is recovery of H₂SO, by cooling tower and HCI is recovered as main product from absorber.
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